Inflammation and fibrosis are two inter‐related conditions with many overlapping
mechanisms. Three specific cell types, macrophages, T helper cells, and myofibroblasts,
each play important roles in regulating both processes. Following tissue injury, an
inflammatory stimulus is often necessary to initiate tissue repair, where cytokines released
from resident and infiltrating leukocytes stimulate proliferation and activation of
myofibroblasts. However, in many cases this drive stimulates an inappropriate pro‐fibrotic …